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Moult terminology: envisioning an evolutionary approach
The study of avian moult has been inhibited not only by its complexity but by convoluted and often conflicting terminologies that have combined to cloud the subject.Over time, two nomenclatures have emerged with differing bases of definition.The 'life-cycle' system is used widely in the European…
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China carbon emission accounts 2020-2021
In the past a few years, the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic has significantly changed global emission patterns and increased the challenges in emission reduction. However, a comprehensive analysis of the most recent trends of China's carbon emissions has not been conducted due to a lack of…
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A Comprehensive Review on Advanced Extraction Techniques for Retrieving Bioactive Components from Natural Sources
The extraction of bioactive components from natural sources has gained significant attention in recent years due to increasing demand for natural and functional constituents in various industries, including pharmaceuticals, food, and cosmetics. This review paper aims to provide a comprehensive…
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Cellular and molecular roles of reactive oxygen species in wound healing
Wound healing is a highly coordinated spatiotemporal sequence of events involving several cell types and tissues. The process of wound healing requires strict regulation, and its disruption can lead to the formation of chronic wounds, which can have a significant impact on an individual's health as…
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Machine learning-based network intrusion detection for big and imbalanced data using oversampling, stacking feature embedding and feature extraction
Abstract Cybersecurity has emerged as a critical global concern. Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) play a critical role in protecting interconnected networks by detecting malicious actors and activities. Machine Learning (ML)-based behavior analysis within the IDS has considerable potential for…
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Molecular mechanisms of aging and anti-aging strategies
Aging is a complex and multifaceted process involving a variety of interrelated molecular mechanisms and cellular systems. Phenotypically, the biological aging process is accompanied by a gradual loss of cellular function and the systemic deterioration of multiple tissues, resulting in…
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Evaluasi Program Pendidikan
Program evaluation is an activity that aims to collect information from an implementation and a process in an organization consisting of a group of people who participate in decision making. This research uses a literature review method from e-book journals. The purpose of this article is to help…
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Global, regional, and national burden of neck pain, 1990–2020, and projections to 2050: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
BACKGROUND: Neck pain is a highly prevalent condition that leads to considerable pain, disability, and economic cost. We present the most current estimates of neck pain prevalence and years lived with disability (YLDs) from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) by…
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20.2% Efficiency Organic Photovoltaics Employing a π‐Extension Quinoxaline‐Based Acceptor with Ordered Arrangement
Organic solar cells, as a cutting-edge sustainable renewable energy technology, possess a myriad of potential applications, while the bottleneck problem of less than 20% efficiency limits the further development. Simultaneously achieving an ordered molecular arrangement, appropriate crystalline…
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The Crowdless Future? Generative AI and Creative Problem-Solving
The rapid advances in generative artificial intelligence (AI) open up attractive opportunities for creative problem-solving through human-guided AI partnerships. To explore this potential, we initiated a crowdsourcing challenge focused on sustainable, circular economy business ideas generated by…
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Cancer-associated fibroblast phenotypes are associated with patient outcome in non-small cell lung cancer
Despite advances in treatment, lung cancer survival rates remain low. A better understanding of the cellular heterogeneity and interplay of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) within the tumor microenvironment will support the development of personalized therapies. We report a spatially resolved…
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Artificial intelligence in neuro-oncology: advances and challenges in brain tumor diagnosis, prognosis, and precision treatment
This review delves into the most recent advancements in applying artificial intelligence (AI) within neuro-oncology, specifically emphasizing work on gliomas, a class of brain tumors that represent a significant global health issue. AI has brought transformative innovations to brain tumor…
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Urea Electrosynthesis from Nitrate and CO 2 on Diatomic Alloys
Abstract Urea electrosynthesis from co–electrolysis of NO 3 − and CO 2 (UENC) offers a promising technology for achieving sustainable and efficient urea production. Herein, a diatomic alloy catalyst (CuPd 1 Rh 1 –DAA), with mutually isolated Pd and Rh atoms alloyed on Cu substrate, is theoretically…
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The interaction of innate immune and adaptive immune system
The innate immune system serves as the body's first line of defense, utilizing pattern recognition receptors like Toll-like receptors to detect pathogens and initiate rapid response mechanisms. Following this initial response, adaptive immunity provides highly specific and sustained killing of…
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Hepatocellular carcinoma: updates on epidemiology, surveillance, diagnosis and treatment
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major global burden, ranking as the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality. HCC due to chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) or C virus (HCV) infection has decreased due to universal vaccination for HBV and effective antiviral therapy for both HBV and HCV, but…
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Path planning algorithms in the autonomous driving system: A comprehensive review
This comprehensive review focuses on the Autonomous Driving System (ADS), which aims to reduce human errors that are the reason for about 95% of car accidents. The ADS consists of six stages: sensors, perception, localization, assessment, path planning, and control. We explain the main…
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PMC-LLaMA: toward building open-source language models for medicine
OBJECTIVE: Recently, large language models (LLMs) have showcased remarkable capabilities in natural language understanding. While demonstrating proficiency in everyday conversations and question-answering (QA) situations, these models frequently struggle in domains that require precision, such as…
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Large language models to identify social determinants of health in electronic health records
Social determinants of health (SDoH) play a critical role in patient outcomes, yet their documentation is often missing or incomplete in the structured data of electronic health records (EHRs). Large language models (LLMs) could enable high-throughput extraction of SDoH from the EHR to support…
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Revolutionizing Cyber Threat Detection With Large Language Models: A Privacy-Preserving BERT-Based Lightweight Model for IoT/IIoT Devices
The field of Natural Language Processing (NLP) is currently undergoing a revolutionary transformation driven by the power of pre-trained Large Language Models (LLMs) based on groundbreaking Transformer architectures. As the frequency and diversity of cybersecurity attacks continue to rise, the…
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Sustainable biodegradable coatings for food packaging: challenges and opportunities
Bio-based and petroleum-based biodegradable coatings: materials, methods, and modifications to improve the performance of polymeric substrates for plastic and paper-based food packaging applications.
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