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Tailoring d-band center of high-valent metal-oxo species for pollutant removal via complete polymerization
Polymerization-driven removal of pollutants in advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) offers a sustainable way for the simultaneous achievement of contamination abatement and resource recovery, supporting a low-carbon water purification approach. However, regulating such a process remains a great…
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Polylactic acid (PLA): Properties, synthesis, and biomedical applications – A review of the literature
This comprehensive review is an in-depth analysis of polylactic acid (PLA), an increasingly important biopolymer due to its wide-ranging applications and sustainability features. PLA's physical, thermal, and mechanical properties are closely linked to its molecular distribution, mass, and…
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Modulating extracellular matrix stiffness: a strategic approach to boost cancer immunotherapy
The interplay between extracellular matrix (ECM) stiffness and the tumor microenvironment is increasingly recognized as a critical factor in cancer progression and the efficacy of immunotherapy. This review comprehensively discusses the key factors regulating ECM remodeling, including the…
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Acceleration of radiative recombination for efficient perovskite LEDs
Abstract The increasing demands for more efficient and brighter thin-film light-emitting diodes (LEDs) in flat-panel display and solid-state lighting applications have promoted research into three-dimensional (3D) perovskites. These materials exhibit high charge mobilities and low quantum…
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A Review of Precision Irrigation Water-Saving Technology under Changing Climate for Enhancing Water Use Efficiency, Crop Yield, and Environmental Footprints
Water is considered one of the vital natural resources and factors for performing short- and long-term agricultural practices on Earth. Meanwhile, globally, most of the available freshwater resources are utilized for irrigation purposes in agriculture. Currently, many world regions are facing…
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Underestimated burden of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in global surface waters and groundwaters
Abstract Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a class of fluorinated chemicals used widely in consumer and industrial products. Their human toxicity and ecosystem impacts have received extensive public, scientific and regulatory attention. Regulatory PFAS guidance is rapidly evolving…
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Development of a Low-Cost Banana Fiber Extractor
Banana fiber is an underutilized natural resource with potential for industrial applications and value addition at the smallholder farm level. Traditional manual methods for extracting fibers from banana plant wastes are inefficient and labour-intensive. This limits opportunities for rural…
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Observation of time-reversal symmetry breaking in the band structure of altermagnetic RuO 2
Altermagnets are an emerging elementary class of collinear magnets. Unlike ferromagnets, their distinct crystal symmetries inhibit magnetization while, unlike antiferromagnets, they promote strong spin polarization in the band structure. The corresponding unconventional mechanism of time-reversal…
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Development of a Cost-Effective Coconut Dehusking Machine
This study aimed to develop an affordable mechanized solution to address this challenge.A coconut dehusking machine prototype was designed, fabricated, and tested. It consists of a rigid steel frame, two counter- rotating cylindrical drums fitted with spikes, an electric motor, a V-belt drive…
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How to build the virtual cell with artificial intelligence: Priorities and opportunities
Cells are essential to understanding health and disease, yet traditional models fall short of modeling and simulating their function and behavior. Advances in AI and omics offer groundbreaking opportunities to create an AI virtual cell (AIVC), a multi-scale, multi-modal large-neural-network-based…
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CZ CELLxGENE Discover: a single-cell data platform for scalable exploration, analysis and modeling of aggregated data
Hundreds of millions of single cells have been analyzed using high-throughput transcriptomic methods. The cumulative knowledge within these datasets provides an exciting opportunity for unlocking insights into health and disease at the level of single cells. Meta-analyses that span diverse datasets…
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The Role of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines in the Pathogenesis of Cardiovascular Disease
With cardiovascular disease (CVD) being a primary source of global morbidity and mortality, it is crucial that we understand the molecular pathophysiological mechanisms at play. Recently, numerous pro-inflammatory cytokines have been linked to several different CVDs, which are now often considered…
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ChangeMamba: Remote Sensing Change Detection With Spatiotemporal State Space Model
Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and Transformers have made impressive progress in the field of remote sensing change detection (CD). However, both architectures have inherent shortcomings: CNN is constrained by a limited receptive field that may hinder their ability to capture broader spatial…
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Positive feedback regulation between glycolysis and histone lactylation drives oncogenesis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
BACKGROUND: Metabolic reprogramming and epigenetic alterations contribute to the aggressiveness of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Lactate-dependent histone modification is a new type of histone mark, which links glycolysis metabolite to the epigenetic process of lactylation. However, the…
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Sustained human outbreak of a new MPXV clade I lineage in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo
Outbreaks of monkeypox (mpox) have historically resulted from zoonotic spillover of clade I monkeypox virus (MPXV) in Central Africa and clade II MPXV in West Africa. In 2022, subclade IIb caused a global epidemic linked to transmission through sexual contact. Here we describe the epidemiological…
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Burden of severe periodontitis and edentulism in 2021, with projections up to 2050: The Global Burden of Disease 2021 study
AIM: To (i) assess the prevalence, incidence, and burden of severe periodontitis and edentulism in 2021, and (ii) forecast their rates in 2050. METHODS: Prevalence, incidence, and Years Lived with Disability (YLDs) for severe periodontitis and edentulism in 2021 were gathered globally, covering 204…
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Achievements, challenges, and future prospects for industrialization of perovskite solar cells
In just over a decade, certified single-junction perovskite solar cells (PSCs) boast an impressive power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 26.1%. Such outstanding performance makes it highly viable for further development. Here, we have meticulously outlined challenges that arose during the…
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Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy in Locally Advanced Mismatch Repair–Deficient Colon Cancer
BACKGROUND: Mismatch repair-deficient (dMMR) tumors can be found in 10 to 15% of patients with nonmetastatic colon cancer. In these patients, the efficacy of chemotherapy is limited. The use of neoadjuvant immunotherapy has shown promising results, but data from studies of this approach are…
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Materials design for hypersonics
Hypersonic vehicles must withstand extreme conditions during flights that exceed five times the speed of sound. These systems have the potential to facilitate rapid access to space, bolster defense capabilities, and create a new paradigm for transcontinental earth-to-earth travel. However, extreme…
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