51 hasil untuk "Annette Fox"
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Artikel Jurnal
Drift and shape—new insights into human immunity against influenza virus neuraminidase
ABSTRACTInfluenza virus hemagglutinin mediates infection by binding sialic acids, whereas neuraminidase cleaves sialic acids to release progeny virions. Both are targets of protective antibodies, but influenza vaccine strain selection and antigen dose are based on hemagglutinin alone. Virus…
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Artikel Jurnal
Exposure of Human CD8+ T Cells to Type-2 Cytokines Impairs Division and Differentiation and Induces Limited Polarization
Effector CD8+ T cells generally produce type-1 cytokines and mediators of the perforin/granzyme cytolytic pathway, yet type-2-polarized CD8+ cells (Tc2) are detected in type-2 (T2) cytokine-driven diseases such as asthma. It is unclear whether T2 cytokine exposure during activation is sufficient to…
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Artikel Jurnal
Memory B cell proliferation drives differences in neutralising responses between ChAdOx1 and BNT162b2 SARS-CoV-2 vaccines
IntroductionVaccination against COVID-19 has been pivotal in reducing the global burden of the disease. However, Phase III trial results and observational studies underscore differences in efficacy across vaccine technologies and dosing regimens. Notably, mRNA vaccines have exhibited superior…
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Artikel Jurnal
Distinguishing naive‐ from memory‐derived human B cells during acute responses
Abstract Objectives A fundamental question in influenza research is whether antibody titre decline upon successive exposure to variant strains is consequent to recall of cross‐reactive memory B cells that competitively inhibit naive B‐cell responses. In connection, it is not clear whether naive and…
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Artikel Jurnal
ECG changes and their utility in adult Vietnamese patients with non-severe dengue
Abstract Background Dengue may affect the heart, manifesting as asymptomatic electrocardiographic (ECG) abnormalities to fulminant myocarditis. The role of routine ECG monitoring in dengue management remains unclear. We, therefore, studied ECG changes in patients with non-severe dengue. Methods In…
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Artikel Jurnal
Recalling the Future: Immunological Memory Toward Unpredictable Influenza Viruses
Persistent and durable immunological memory forms the basis of any successful vaccination protocol. Generation of pre-existing memory B cell and T cell pools is thus the key for maintaining protective immunity to seasonal, pandemic and avian influenza viruses. Long-lived antibody secreting cells…
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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
Influenza Infection Rates, Measurement Errors and the Interpretation of Paired Serology
Serological studies are the gold standard method to estimate influenza infection attack rates (ARs) in human populations. In a common protocol, blood samples are collected before and after the epidemic in a cohort of individuals; and a rise in haemagglutination-inhibition (HI) antibody titers…
Juga tersedia di: DOAJ
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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
Surprisingly High Specificity of the PPD Skin Test for M. tuberculosis Infection from Recent Exposure in The Gambia
Background: Options for intervention against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection are limited by the diagnostic tools available. The Purified Protein Derivative (PPD) skin test is thought to be non-specific, especially in tropical settings. We compared the PPD skin test with an ELISPOT test in The…
Juga tersedia di: DOAJ
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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
Acute Measles Encephalitis in Partially Vaccinated Adults
Background: The pathogenesis of acute measles encephalitis (AME) is poorly understood. Treatment with immune-modulators is based on theories that post-infectious autoimmune responses cause demyelination. The clinical course and immunological parameters of AME were examined during an outbreak in…
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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
Dengue Virus in Sub-tropical Northern and Central Viet Nam: Population Immunity and Climate Shape Patterns of Viral Invasion and Maintenance
Dengue virus transmission occurs in both epidemic and endemic cycles across tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world. Incidence is particularly high in much of Southeast Asia, where hyperendemic transmission plagues both urban and rural populations. However, endemicity has not been…
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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
Determinants of Influenza Transmission in South East Asia: Insights from a Household Cohort Study in Vietnam
To guide control policies, it is important that the determinants of influenza transmission are fully characterized. Such assessment is complex because the risk of influenza infection is multifaceted and depends both on immunity acquired naturally or via vaccination and on the individual level of…
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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
Using ELISPOT to Expose False Positive Skin Test Conversion in Tuberculosis Contacts
Background: Repeat tuberculin skin tests may be false positive due to boosting of waned immunity to past mycobacterial exposure. We evaluated whether an ELISPOT test could identify tuberculosis (TB) contacts with boosting of immunity to non-tuberculous mycobacterial exposure. Methodology/Principal…
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Artikel Jurnal
Boosting the influenza vaccine schedule in children with cancer: a prospective open-label study
Abstract Current immunization guidelines recommend one dose of influenza vaccine for children aged ≥9 years and two doses for younger or vaccine-naïve children. However, children receiving chemotherapy have an attenuated immune response. We performed a prospective open-label study in children…
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Artikel Jurnal Teks lengkap
Social Contact Patterns in Vietnam and Implications for the Control of Infectious Diseases
Background: The spread of infectious diseases from person to person is determined by the frequency and nature of contacts between infected and susceptible members of the population. Although there is a long history of using mathematical models to understand these transmission dynamics, there are…