43 results for "Filbert Francis"
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Journal Article
Explaining risk factors for pedestrian fatalities in Tanzania using a Mixed-Logit analysis
Road traffic injuries remain a major public health concern in Tanzania. The World Health Organisation (WHO) estimated that in 2021, more than 10,000 people were killed in road traffic accidents in Tanzania, with pedestrians accounting for approximately 26% of all fatalities. This underscores the…
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Enrichment of antibiotic resistance genes within bacteriophage populations in saliva samples from individuals undergoing oral antibiotic treatments
Spread of antibiotic resistance is a significant challenge for our modern health care system, and even more so in developing countries with higher prevalence of both infections and resistant bacteria. Faulty usage of antibiotics has been pinpointed as a driving factor in spread of resistant…
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Herpes Simplex virus type 2 seroprevalence and risk factors among adolescents and youth with HIV-1 in Northern, Tanzania
Introduction: Herpes Simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infection is associated with an increased risk of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) acquisition and transmission. Individuals co-infected with HIV-1 and HSV-2 may have longer lasting, more frequent and severe outbreaks of herpes symptoms…
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Impact of treatment and re-treatment with artemether-lumefantrine and artesunate-amodiaquine on selection of Plasmodium falciparum multidrug resistance gene-1 polymorphisms in the Democratic Republic of Congo and Uganda
Background: The emergence of resistance against artemisinin combination treatment is a major concern for malaria control. ACTs are recommended as the rescue treatment, however, there is limited evidence as to whether treatment and re-treatment with ACTs select for drug-resistant P. falciparum…
Also available at: DOAJ
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Journal Article
Habitat productivity and pyrethroid susceptibility status of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Abstract Background Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) is the main vector of the dengue virus globally. Dengue vector control is mainly based on reducing the vector population through interventions, which target potential breeding sites. However, in Tanzania, little is known about this vector’s…
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Adiposity Is a Key Correlate of Circulating Fibroblast Growth Factor-21 Levels in African Males with or without Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Background. Fibroblast growth factor-21 is an endocrine regulator with therapeutic and diagnostic potential. The levels and pattern of circulating FGF-21 have been described mainly in European and Asian populations. Given its strong association with adiposity, and the reported ethnic variabilities…
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Impact of a bi-annual community-directed treatment with ivermectin programme on the incidence of epilepsy in an onchocerciasis-endemic area of Mahenge, Tanzania: A population-based prospective study
Background: Community-directed treatment with ivermectin (CDTi) is used to eliminate onchocerciasis. However, despite 25 years of annual CDTi in Mahenge, Tanzania, the prevalence of onchocerciasis and onchocerciasis-associated epilepsy remained high in certain rural villages. Therefore, in 2019…
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Molecular surveillance of malaria in Tanzania: Baseline surveillance of vectors that drive persistent malaria transmission in regions with varying transmission intensities
Malaria has remained persistently high in some regions of Tanzania despite increased control interventions. To address the burden of malaria in these regions, monitoring malaria vector dynamics is crucial to inform control interventions. This study assessed the composition and infectivity of…
Also available at: DOAJ
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Deployment and use of mobile phone technology for real-time reporting of fever cases and malaria treatment failure in areas of declining malaria transmission in Muheza district north-eastern Tanzania
Abstract Background Early detection of febrile illnesses at community level is essential for improved malaria case management and control. Currently, mobile phone-based technology has been commonly used to collect and transfer health information and services in different settings. This study…
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Dietary patterns and diabetes mellitus among people living with and without HIV: a cross-sectional study in Tanzania
BackgroundDue to the complexity of human diets, it is difficult to relate single foods to health outcomes. We aimed to identify the dietary patterns and associated factors and to assess the association of dietary patterns with prediabetes/diabetes among adults living with and without HIV in…
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Unveiling Rare Pathogens and Antibiotic Resistance in Tanzanian Cholera Outbreak Waters
The emergence of antibiotic resistance is a global health concern. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms of its spread is crucial for implementing evidence-based strategies to tackle resistance in the context of the One Health approach. In developing countries where sanitation systems and access…
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Prevalence of malaria parasitaemia in school-aged children and pregnant women in endemic settings of sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Despite increased malaria control efforts, school-aged children (5–14 years) have higher a malaria prevalence compared to children under-five. In high-transmission settings, up to 70% of school-aged children harbour malaria parasitaemia and therefore contribute significantly to the reservoir for…
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Journal Article
Relationships between sickle cell trait, malaria, and educational outcomes in Tanzania
Abstract Background Sickle Cell Trait (SCT) has been shown to be protective against malaria. A growing literature suggests that malaria exposure can reduce educational attainment. This study assessed the relationship and interactions between malaria, SCT and educational attainment in north-eastern…
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Metabolic syndrome among people living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy in Mwanza, Tanzania
Abstract Background HIV and antiretroviral drugs, particularly protease inhibitors and nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, may increase the risk of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) among people living with HIV (PLHIV). However, following the introduction of better drugs like dolutegravir, data on…
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Journal Article
Road safety culture and the Safe System: comparing beliefs and behaviours in African and European countries
The study compares national road safety culture (RSC) in three European countries—Norway, Sweden, and the Netherlands—which are widely recognized as leaders in Safe System implementation and have maintained the world's best road safety records for several years, with three African countries with…
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The importance of infrastructure and road safety culture for pedestrian safety: a comparison of three European and three African countries
Walking is a primary mode of transport in urban Africa, yet it remains unsafe, challenging, and unpleasant. In contrast, several European countries have implemented systematic policies to promote walking through Safe System principles. This study compares pedestrian safety in three African…
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Prevalence and risk factors associated with infections caused by Plasmodium parasites at micro-geographic level in three villages of Muheza district in Tanga region, north-eastern Tanzania
Abstract Background Malaria burden in Tanzania has recently become heterogeneous, with a higher burden in some regions than in others. This suggests that stratification of transmission intensities and predictors of risk factors associated with infections caused by Plasmodium parasites is critical…
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Effectiveness and safety of intermittent preventive treatment for malaria using either dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine or artesunate-amodiaquine in reducing malaria related morbidities and improving cognitive ability in school-aged children in Tanzania: A study protocol for a controlled randomised trial
Background: In high transmission settings, up to 70% of school-aged children harbour malaria parasites without showing any clinical symptoms. Thus, epidemiologically, school aged children act as a substantial reservoir for malaria transmission. Asymptomatic Plasmodium infections induce inflammation…