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International Anal Neoplasia Society's consensus guidelines for anal cancer screening
The International Anal Neoplasia Society (IANS) developed consensus guidelines to inform anal cancer screening use among various high-risk groups. Anal cancer incidence estimates by age among risk groups provided the basis to identify risk thresholds to recommend screening. Guided by risk…
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Semaglutide vs Tirzepatide for Weight Loss in Adults With Overweight or Obesity
Importance: Although tirzepatide and semaglutide were shown to reduce weight in randomized clinical trials, data from head-to-head comparisons in populations with overweight or obesity are not yet available. Objective: To compare on-treatment weight loss and rates of gastrointestinal adverse events…
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A weakly solvating electrolyte towards practical rechargeable aqueous zinc-ion batteries
Abstract Structure deterioration and side reaction, which originated from the solvated H 2 O, are the main constraints for the practical deployment of both cathode and anode in aqueous Zn-ion batteries. Here we formulate a weakly solvating electrolyte to reduce the solvating power of H 2 O and…
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Ultra-highly sensitive dual gases detection based on photoacoustic spectroscopy by exploiting a long-wave, high-power, wide-tunable, single-longitudinal-mode solid-state laser
Photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS) as a highly sensitive and selective trace gas detection technique has extremely broad application in many fields. However, the laser sources currently used in PAS limit the sensing performance. Compared to diode laser and quantum cascade laser, the solid-state laser…
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A Review on the Recent Advances in Battery Development and Energy Storage Technologies
Energy storage is a more sustainable choice to meet net-zero carbon foot print and decarbonization of the environment in the pursuit of an energy independent future, green energy transition, and uptake. The journey to reduced greenhouse gas emissions, increased grid stability and reliability, and…
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Interpretable scientific discovery with symbolic regression: a review
Abstract Symbolic regression is emerging as a promising machine learning method for learning succinct underlying interpretable mathematical expressions directly from data. Whereas it has been traditionally tackled with genetic programming, it has recently gained a growing interest in deep learning…
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Globally representative evidence on the actual and perceived support for climate action
Abstract Mitigating climate change necessitates global cooperation, yet global data on individuals’ willingness to act remain scarce. In this study, we conducted a representative survey across 125 countries, interviewing nearly 130,000 individuals. Our findings reveal widespread support for climate…
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Integrating sustainability into higher education challenges and opportunities for universities worldwide
This paper undertakes a comprehensive investigation into incorporating sustainability within higher education, aligning with the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Utilizing quantitative and qualitative research methods, our study delves into the status quo, methodologies, and…
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Alzheimer's disease drug development pipeline: 2024
Abstract INTRODUCTION New therapies to prevent or delay the onset of symptoms, slow progression, or improve cognitive and behavioral symptoms of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are needed. METHODS We interrogated clinicaltrials.gov including all clinical trials assessing pharmaceutical therapies for AD…
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Advantages and Limitations of the Body Mass Index (BMI) to Assess Adult Obesity
) thresholds for screening and to guide progress and prognosis. By conducting a mini-narrative review of original articles, websites, editorials, commentaries, and guidelines, we sought to place BMI in the context of its appropriate use in population health, clinical screening, and monitoring in…
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Ubiquitination and deubiquitination in cancer: from mechanisms to novel therapeutic approaches
Ubiquitination, a pivotal posttranslational modification of proteins, plays a fundamental role in regulating protein stability. The dysregulation of ubiquitinating and deubiquitinating enzymes is a common feature in various cancers, underscoring the imperative to investigate ubiquitin ligases and…
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A local-to-global emissions inventory of macroplastic pollution
Abstract Negotiations for a global treaty on plastic pollution 1 will shape future policies on plastics production, use and waste management. Its parties will benefit from a high-resolution baseline of waste flows and plastic emission sources to enable identification of pollution hotspots and their…
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Key intermediates and Cu active sites for CO2 electroreduction to ethylene and ethanol
Abstract Electrochemical reduction of CO 2 (CO 2 RR) to multi-carbon products is a promising technology to store intermittent renewable electricity into high-added-value chemicals and close the carbon cycle. Its industrial scalability requires electrocatalysts to be highly selective to certain…
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Nanotechnology in healthcare, and its safety and environmental risks
Nanotechnology holds immense promise in revolutionising healthcare, offering unprecedented opportunities in diagnostics, drug delivery, cancer therapy, and combating infectious diseases. This review explores the multifaceted landscape of nanotechnology in healthcare while addressing the critical…
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EULAR recommendations for the non-pharmacological core management of hip and knee osteoarthritis: 2023 update
INTRODUCTION: Hip and knee osteoarthritis (OA) are increasingly common with a significant impact on individuals and society. Non-pharmacological treatments are considered essential to reduce pain and improve function and quality of life. EULAR recommendations for the non-pharmacological core…
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Inflammasomes in chronic liver disease: Hepatic injury, fibrosis progression and systemic inflammation
Chronic liver disease leads to hepatocellular injury that triggers a pro-inflammatory state in several parenchymal and non-parenchymal hepatic cell types, ultimately resulting in liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, portal hypertension and liver failure. Thus, an improved understanding of inflammasomes - as…
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Majorbio Cloud 2024: Update single‐cell and multiomics workflows
Majorbio Cloud (https://cloud.majorbio.com/) is a one-stop online analytic platform aiming at promoting the development of bioinformatics services, narrowing the gap between wet and dry experiments, and accelerating the discoveries for the life sciences community. In 2024, three single-omics…
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Multimodal Large Language Models in Health Care: Applications, Challenges, and Future Outlook
In the complex and multidimensional field of medicine, multimodal data are prevalent and crucial for informed clinical decisions. Multimodal data span a broad spectrum of data types, including medical images (eg, MRI and CT scans), time-series data (eg, sensor data from wearable devices and…
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Interfacial Polarization Loss Improvement Induced by the Hollow Engineering of Necklace‐like PAN/Carbon Nanofibers for Boosted Microwave Absorption
Abstract Rational manipulation of composition and microstructure design is recognized as an effective pathway to realize multifunctional high‐performance microwave absorber. In this work, necklace‐like hollow polyacrylonitrile (PAN)/carbon nanofibers are designed and constructed through a simple…
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How Is ChatGPT’s Behavior Changing Over Time?
GPT-3.5 and GPT-4 are the two most widely used large language model (LLM) services. However, when and how these models are updated over time is opaque. Here, we evaluate the March 2023 and June 2023 versions of GPT-3.5 and GPT-4 on several diverse tasks: 1) math problems, 2) sensitive/dangerous…
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